Histological changes and immunolabeling of Leishmania infantum in kidneys and urinary bladder of dogs / Alterações histológicas e imunomarcação de Leishmania infantum em rins e bexiga de cães

The aim of this study was to assess histological alterations and perform immunolabeling of Leishmania infantum in the kidneys and urinary bladder of naturally infected dogs. Twenty-five urinary bladder and kidney samples of serologically positive animals (ELISA S7® Biogene and IFAT ≥ 1:40 - Biomanguinhos/Fiocruz) were analyzed by means of immunohistochemical and histological techniques. Cystitis was found in 44% (11/25) of the bladder samples and membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis in 92% (23/25) of the kidney samples. Immunolabeling of the parasite revealed that 32% (8/25) of the bladders and 8% (2/25) of the kidneys were positive. In conclusion, the immunohistochemical technique is a useful tool for detecting amastigote forms of L. infantum in organs of infected dogs. In addition, this was the first report of detection of amastigote forms ofL. infantum in the bladders of dogs.

Objetivou-se neste estudo avaliar as alterações histológicas e realizar a imunomarcação de Leishmania infantum em rins e bexiga de cães naturalmente infectados. Vinte e cinco amostras de bexiga e rins de animais sorologicamente (ELISA S7® Biogene and IFAT ≥ 1:40 - Biomanguinhos/Fiocruz) positivas foram analisadas histologicamente e por meio da técnica de imuno-histoquímica. Os resultados revelaram cistite em 44% (11/25) das amostras de bexiga e glomerulonefrite membranoproliferativa em 92% (23/25) das amostras de rins. A imunomarcação do parasito revelou 32% (8/25) e 8% (2/25) de positividade em bexiga e rins, respectivamente. Conclui-se que a técnica de imunohistoquímica é uma útil ferramenta para detecção de formas amastigotas de L. infantum em órgãos de cães infectados. Além disso, o presente trabalho reporta a primeira descrição de formas amastigotas de L. infantum em bexiga de cães.

Presence of visceral larva migrans in the urinary bladder of a woman in Khorramabad, Iran

The presence of Visceral Larva Migrans [VLM] in a patient is reported. A 57-year-old woman suffering from right upper abdominal and suprapubic pain referred into a clinic in Khorramabad, Lorestan Province, Iran. A cystoscopy was performed and biopsy was taken. The light microscopic study showed a couple of larvae as well as mononuclear inflammatory cell-infiltration. Because occurrence of VLM is potentially problem in rural areas, it is recommended that an educational program to be initiated to prevent and control VLM infection in both rural and urban people. Clinicians also should consider the clinical features of visceral larva migrans

Schistosomiasis haematobia: histopathological course determined by cystoscopy in a patient in whom praziquantel treatment failed / Esquistossomíase hematóbica: seguimento histopatológico determinado por cistoscopia em um paciente com falha terapêutica ao praziquantel

Schistosomiasis haematobia or urinary schistosomiasis is one of the main public health problems in Africa and the Middle East. A single dose of 40 mg praziquantel per kg body weight continues to be the treatment of choice for this infection. The aims of this follow-up were to study the post-treatment course of a patient infected with S. haematobium and not submitted to re-exposure, and to identify complications of the disease and/or therapeutic failure after praziquantel treatment by histopathological analysis. Treatments were repeated under medical supervision to ensure the correct use of the drug. In view of the suspicion of lesions in cystoscopy, the patient was submitted to bladder biopsy. The histopathological characteristics observed in biopsies obtained, after each treatment, indicated viability of parasite eggs and activity of granulomas.

A Esquistossomíase Hematóbica ou Esquistossomíase Urinária é um dos principais problemas de Saúde Pública na África e no Oriente Médio. Uma única dose de praziquantel 40 mg/kg de peso, continua sendo o tratamento de escolha para esta infecção. Os objetivos deste seguimento foram: avaliar o período pós-tratamento de um paciente infectado com Schistosoma haematobium e não submetido à re-exposição e, identificar as complicações da doença e/ou falha terapêutica, após o tratamento com praziquantel, por análise histopatológica de material obtido por biópsia vesical. O tratamento foi repetido sob supervisão médica para assegurar o uso correto do medicamento. Na presença de lesões suspeitas a cistoscopia, o paciente foi submetido a biópsia vesical. As características histopatológicas observadas nos materiais obtidos por biópsia, após cada tratamento, indicaram viabilidade de ovos e atividade dos granulomas.

Intestinal parasites in school aged children and the first case report on amoebiasis in urinary bladder in Tripoli, Libya

A total of 50 fresh fecal samples were collected from children of either sex and examined by direct wet films and Telemann's concentration technique. The results were based on a single stool per person study of the total children ranging from 5-18 years of age, 8 different types of intestinal parasites were recorded. The incidence of infection with one or the other parasites was found to be 42%. Double or mixed infection was not uncommon. The infection rates of helminthes were Hymenolepis nana 6%, Taenia saginata 2%, Ascaris lumbricoids 20% Trichuris trichura 14% and Enterobius vermicularis 4%. The rates of protozoa were Entamoeba histolytica 4%, Entamoeba coli 4% and Giardia lamblia 2%. The problem was created by parasitosis in endangering children's health are more increasing in Tripoli District

Cystoscopy in the diagnosis and follow-up of urinary schistosomiasis in Brazilian soldiers returning from Mozambique, Africa

A avaliação de esquistossomose urinária em indivíduos procedentes de áreas endêmicas, freqüentemente requer recursos diagnósticos não usados nas áreas de exposição, para determinar as complicações ou estabelecer um critério de cura mais preciso. A cistoscopia e o exame de urina de 24 horas foram realizados, após tratamentos com praziquantel na dose de 40 mg/kg de peso, dose única, em 25 militares brasileiros que participaram de uma Missão de Paz pela ONU em Moçambique no ano de 1994. A idade média dos indivíduos foi de 29 anos e todos apresentavam exame parasitológico de urina positivo. As alterações detectadas pela cistoscopia foram hiperemia e granulomas na submucosa vesical em 59.1% dos indivíduos e somente granulomas em 40.9%. A biópsia vesical revelou granulomas em todos os pacientes e ovos viáveis em 77.3%, mesmo após um período durante o qual os pacientes não mais eliminavam ovos pela urina. Após o tratamento, a cistoscopia seguida por biópsia e avaliação histopatológica, realizada em áreas onde a evolução da doença pode ser monitorada melhor, demonstrou ser um critério mais seguro de cura parasitológica.

Therapeutic failure of praziquantel in the treatment of Schistosoma haematobium infection in Brazilians returning from Africa

Several cases of therapeutic failure of praziquantel used for the treatment of urinary schistosomiasis have been reported. Alternative drugs, like niridazol and metrifonate, have shown a lower therapeutic effect and more side effects than praziquantel. Twenty-six Brazilian military men (median age of 29 years) with a positive urine parasitological exam who were part of a United Nation peace mission in Mozambique in 1994 were treated with 40 mg/kg body weight praziquantel, single dose. They swimmed in Licungo river (Mocuba city, Mozambique) during the weekends. After this, they presented haematuria, dysuria, polakiuria, and lumbar pain. Control cystoscopy examinations carried out between 6 and 24 months after each treatment (including two additional treatments at a minimum interval of 6 months) revealed the presence of viable eggs. Granulomas in the vesical submucosa were observed in 46.2 percent (12/26) of the individuals. A vesical biopsy confirmed the presence of granulomas in all of these patients and the presence of viable eggs in 34.3 percent (9/26) of individuals who no longer excreted eggs in urine. The eggs filled with miracidia showed characteristics of viability. Histopathological examination using different strains demonstrated therapeutic failure and the need for repeated treatment. In this study, we demonstrated a low efficacy of praziquantel in the treatment of schistosomiasis haematobia, and the necessity of the urinary bladder biopsy as criterion of cure.

Case report of Balantidium coli in human from south of Tehran, Iran.

A Patient with Balantidiasis in an urinary bladder is reported. Trichomonas vaginalis were identified and no other cause of the haematuria was apparent. This condition didn't common and may be linked to ectopic Balantidium in urinary bladder.

Incidencia de E. Coli en infecciones urinarias / Incidence of E.coli in urinary infections

Se realizo un estudio bacteriològico en muestras de orina de pacientes atendidos en el Hospital San Gabriel durante el periodo comprendido entre mayo de 1994 a septiembre de 1995. El diagnòstico clìnico fuè ITU (Infecciòn del tarcto urinario); de dichas muestras, 414 evidenciaron una bacteria como microorganismo causal. El estudio realizado, demuestra a E. coli como agente causal màs frecuente en ITU (88,4 porciento), lo cual concuerda con reportes internacionales previos